The Nigrodharamaya holds immense significance in the Buddhist tradition. Situated in Kapilavastupura New Kundan village, approximately 6 km south of Thilavurkot, it stands as a testament to the Buddha’s profound teachings and spiritual journey. According to the Pujavaliya, after Siddhartha attained enlightenment beneath the Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya, he embarked on a mission to spread his teachings and alleviate the suffering of sentient beings. Upon attaining Buddhahood, the Buddha returned to Kapilavastu, his hometown, where he imparted his teachings to his father, King Suddhodhana, and the Shakyan clan at the Nigrodharamaya. This sacred site, originally belonging to Prince Nigrodha, was utilized by the Shakyans as a park before it became associated with the Buddha’s teachings.
It was within the serene confines of this sacred site that the Buddha delivered profound teachings. The Buddha performed Yamaka Prathiharyaya, a miracle to dispel the arrogance of the Shakyans. Despite its sanctity, when Maha Prajapathi requested ordination at Nigrodharamaya, her plea was declined by the Buddha. Nonetheless, he preached several Vinaya Dharma for the Sangha at this revered location.
Throughout history, Nigrodharamaya attracted various Shakyans, such as Mahanama, Godha, Sarakethi, Nandiya, Vappa, and others, who sought spiritual guidance from the Buddha. This sacred ground served as a meeting place for disciples and devotees, fostering a sense of community and spiritual growth among those who visited. When the Buddha arrived to mediate the dispute between the Shakya and Koliya Janapadha regarding the ownership of the Rohini River, he chose to stay at Nigrodharamaya. Later, when the Buddha fell ill, he sought refuge at Nigrodharamaya until he recovered. Additionally, the Buddha spent time in meditation in the nearby jungle, close to Nigrodharamaya. It was at this revered site that the Buddha imparted various teachings, including the Kula Dukkhanda Suthra to Mahanama Thero, and preached the Dhamma to Sariputta Thero, as documented in the Buddha Vansa and Tripitaka.
Structurally, Nigrodharamaya was characterized by its lush greenery and cooling atmosphere, abundant with trees. The site provided accommodations for Bhikkus, with numerous cottages available for their use during both the afternoon and night. Additionally, a grand sermon hall was established by Anurudhdha Thero’s sister, offering ample space for gatherings and teachings. A Vihara was also constructed by a Shakyan named Kala within the premises.
Emperor Asoka, recognizing the significance of Nigrodharamaya, undertook renovations and offered the restored site to the Sangha. Presently, three ancient stupas adorn Nigrodharamaya, two of which have undergone excavations, shedding light on the rich history and heritage of this sacred place.
© satipatthana magazine
