Pali, the language native to the regions of Magadha and Kosala held a special significance during the era of the Buddha. While Brahmins used Sanskrit and Jains leaned towards Prakrit, the Buddha, a profound philosopher and spiritual leader, chose to communicate in the language of the common folk which was Pali. This deliberate choice reflected not only his humble nature but also his astute understanding of reaching out to the masses effectively.
Despite the requests from Brahmin followers to preach in Sanskrit, the Buddha remained steadfast in his commitment to using the vernacular. This decision exemplifies his democratic ideals, prioritizing accessibility and inclusivity in his teachings. Even after his Great Demise, a divergence occurred among Buddhist monks regarding the language of dissemination. While some advocated for Sanskrit, giving rise to Vajrayana, Thanthrayana, and Mahayana traditions, others adhered to Pali.
The production of esteemed works like the Saddharmapundarika Sutra in Sanskrit underscored the evolving linguistic landscape of Buddhism. However, it’s crucial to acknowledge the significant role Sanskrit plays in understanding Buddhism’s origin and history alongside Pali.
The rich tapestry of Buddhist literature stands as a testament to the unwavering dedication of monks over the past 2500 years in preserving Buddhism in both Pali and Sanskrit. Buddha’s insistence on the equality of languages serves as a poignant reminder of the value of linguistic diversity and the pursuit of truth through free thought and critique. Let us adopt a grounded and reasoned approach in our exploration of Buddhist literature. The Buddha’s wisdom serves as a beacon, reminding us that no language holds inherent superiority over another. He cherished the freedom of thought and welcomed constructive critique, setting a profound example for us to follow.
The efforts of the Buddhist Brotherhood to uphold both Pali and Sanskrit, as well as the aspiration for unity among diverse Buddhist traditions, deserve recognition and appreciation from the global Buddhist community.
© satipatthana magazine
